Migrate from Mailgun to emailr_

The code change

A typical Mailgun send call next to its emailr_ equivalent.

import FormData from 'form-data'
import Mailgun from 'mailgun.js'

const mailgun = new Mailgun(FormData)
const mg = mailgun.client({ username: 'api', key: process.env.MAILGUN_API_KEY! })

await mg.messages.create('mail.acme.com', {
  from: 'Acme <hello@mail.acme.com>',
  to: ['user@example.com'],
  subject: 'Your receipt',
  html: '<p>Thanks for your order.</p>',
  'o:tag': ['receipts'],
})

import { Emailr } from 'emailr'

const emailr = new Emailr({ apiKey: process.env.EMAILR_API_KEY! })

await emailr.emails.send({
  from: 'Acme <hello@mail.acme.com>',
  to: ['user@example.com'],
  subject: 'Your receipt',
  html: '<p>Thanks for your order.</p>',
  tags: { category: 'receipts' },
})

Mailgun concepts in emailr_

Use this table to find where each feature you rely on lives in emailr_.

How to migrate from Mailgun

1. 01

   Create an API key

   Create a key under API keys in the dashboard. Keys start with et_live_ and are scoped to one domain workspace. Store it as EMAILR_API_KEY in your secret manager or environment, never in client-side code.

2. 02

   Add and verify your sending domain

   In the dashboard, open Domains and add the domain you send from. A subdomain such as mail.yourcompany.com keeps transactional reputation separate from your corporate mailbox.

   Emailr generates the DNS records: a DKIM TXT record on the emailr._domainkey selector, an SPF TXT record, and an MX + TXT pair on the send subdomain used as the MAIL FROM / Return-Path. A DMARC record is optional but recommended.

   Mailgun publishes its own DKIM selector and an email. tracking CNAME; leave those alone during the transition.

   Emailr's DKIM selector and send subdomain don't collide with other providers' records, so you can add them before cutting over and send from both providers during the migration. A domain can only have one SPF record: if one already exists, merge Emailr's include: into it instead of adding a second record.

3. 03

   Swap the SDK

   Install the SDK and replace mg.messages.create(domain, data) with emailr.emails.send(data). Drop the domain argument. h:Reply-To becomes reply_to_email, and o:tag plus v: variables collapse into one tags object.

   Mailgun takes attachments as multipart file uploads. emailr_ takes JSON, so pass { filename, content, contentType } with base64 content.

   Terminalbash

   npm install emailr

4. 04

   Rebuild templates

   Recreate stored Mailgun templates in emailr_ and send them with template_id and template_data.

   Emailr templates substitute flat {{variable}} tokens from template_data. There are no loops or conditionals, so pre-render lists and optional blocks in your code and pass the result as a variable.

5. 05

   Move suppressions

   Export the bounces, unsubscribes and complaints lists from Mailgun and import those addresses as contacts with subscribed: false so broadcasts skip them.

6. 06

   Recreate your event webhooks

   Mailgun signs webhooks with a timestamp, token and signature in the body. emailr_ signs the raw body instead and sends the signature in a header, so the verification code changes but the event handling can stay.

   Create a webhook of type transactional (delivery and engagement events), domain (verification status) or receiving (inbound email). Each webhook has its own signing secret. Every request carries an X-Emailr-Signature header: a hex-encoded HMAC-SHA256 of the raw request body. Verify it before trusting the payload.

   verify-webhook.tsts

   import { createHmac, timingSafeEqual } from 'node:crypto'
   
   // rawBody must be the exact request body string, before JSON.parse
   export function isValidEmailrWebhook(rawBody: string, signature: string | null) {
     if (!signature) return false
     const expected = createHmac('sha256', process.env.EMAILR_WEBHOOK_SECRET!)
       .update(rawBody)
       .digest('hex')
     const a = Buffer.from(expected)
     const b = Buffer.from(signature)
     return a.length === b.length && timingSafeEqual(a, b)
   }
   
   // const ok = isValidEmailrWebhook(body, req.headers.get('x-emailr-signature'))
   // const { event, data } = JSON.parse(body)  // e.g. event === 'email.bounced'

7. 07

   Move inbound routes

   If you use Mailgun Routes to receive mail, create an inbox in emailr_ and subscribe a receiving webhook to email.received. Inbound messages are threaded in the emailr_ inbox, so replies stay attached to the conversation.

Webhook event mapping

emailr_ webhooks post one JSON event per request with an event name and a data object. Translate event names in your handler with this table.

Things to watch for

• Mailgun recipient variables (batch sending with %recipient.name%) have no direct equivalent; loop over recipients or use Broadcasts.
• If you have EU and US Mailgun regions, note that emailr_ uses a single API base URL: https://api.emailr.dev.
• Mailgun's o:testmode has no counterpart, so send test traffic to addresses you control.

Frequently asked questions

Keep going